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Data show that two-door cars have systematically higher rates than four-door cars. This reflects different use and driving behavior by drivers who choose two-door and four-door cars, not the effect of doors on crashworthiness.
For two-vehicle crashes, the relative risk to each driver does not depend on driver behavior, because each driver is involved in the same crash. Data and physical theory consistently show that for two-car crashes, driver fatality risk in the lighter car divided by risk in the heavier car depends strongly on the ratio of the masses of the cars. If one car is twice as heavy as the other, the driver in the lighter car is 12 times as likely to die as the driver in the heavier car. If the cars have the same mass, the greater that mass, the lower the risk. This is not caused by the mass, as such, but by size, because heavier cars are also larger.
Analyses of two-car crashes led to an equation expressing a driver's fatality risk in terms of four quantities, namely, the mass and length of the driver's car and the mass and length of the other car. The equation separates causal effects of mass and size, and so can estimate the effect of adding cargo to a given car. The estimate it provides for adding cargo with mass equal to that of a passenger agrees with an empirical estimate of the effect on driver risk of having a passenger on board. A car can be made lighter while at the same time safer to its occupants and to the occupants of other vehicles into which it crashes by increasing its length by an amount that can be computed by the equation.
вся статья здесь - http://www.scienceservingsociety.com/ts/text/ch04.htm
там еще есть интересный факт - наличие пассажира на переднем сиденнии уменьшает риск примерно на 8 процентов, но настолько же увеличивает риск для другого водителя.
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Data show that two-door cars have systematically higher rates than four-door cars. This reflects different use and driving behavior by drivers who choose two-door and four-door cars, not the effect of doors on crashworthiness.
For two-vehicle crashes, the relative risk to each driver does not depend on driver behavior, because each driver is involved in the same crash. Data and physical theory consistently show that for two-car crashes, driver fatality risk in the lighter car divided by risk in the heavier car depends strongly on the ratio of the masses of the cars. If one car is twice as heavy as the other, the driver in the lighter car is 12 times as likely to die as the driver in the heavier car. If the cars have the same mass, the greater that mass, the lower the risk. This is not caused by the mass, as such, but by size, because heavier cars are also larger.
Analyses of two-car crashes led to an equation expressing a driver's fatality risk in terms of four quantities, namely, the mass and length of the driver's car and the mass and length of the other car. The equation separates causal effects of mass and size, and so can estimate the effect of adding cargo to a given car. The estimate it provides for adding cargo with mass equal to that of a passenger agrees with an empirical estimate of the effect on driver risk of having a passenger on board. A car can be made lighter while at the same time safer to its occupants and to the occupants of other vehicles into which it crashes by increasing its length by an amount that can be computed by the equation.
вся статья здесь - http://www.scienceservingsociety.com/ts/text/ch04.htm
там еще есть интересный факт - наличие пассажира на переднем сиденнии уменьшает риск примерно на 8 процентов, но настолько же увеличивает риск для другого водителя.
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Мне же не шашечки, а ехать
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